Technical Content

The hunt for less obvious deeper targets below the Base Cretaceous Unconformity (BCU) within the Norwegian North Sea greatly relies on the accuracy of the velocity model as it impacts the definition of the structural traps. The presence of the limestone/carbonate sequence with high ...

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) has demonstrated tremendous potential to provide high-resolution models of the subsurface in different geological settings. However, in complex environments such as salt and subsalt, relying on acoustic approximations in FWI limits the accuracy of Earth models derived from modern field data ...

The Culzean field, in the North Sea, has been producing since 2019 gas condensate from fluvial sandstones located within dipping rotated fault blocks at approximately 4km of depth. Two surveys have been acquired with ocean bottom sensors to image and then monitor the evolution ...

High-resolution (HR) site survey acquisitions are traditionally utilized for shallow geohazard investigations and infrastructure planning. However, due to cost reasons, these are often acquired in a sparse 2D manner, and supplemented with conventional multi-streamer 3D seismic imaging aimed at deeper targets. We show how ...

Time-lapse (4D) surveys have traditionally been reliant on baseline (base) surveys being well repeated by the monitor to decrease 4D noise. In this case study the monitor was acquired independently from the 3D narrow-azimuth, towed-streamer, hydrophone-only base, and “mixes” two different types of acquisition ...

Short period multiple prediction for land data is challenging due to poor imaging of the shallow multiple generators as well little information about the down-going reflection at the weathering layer. Based on multiple imaging of the shallow section, surface-related wave-equation deconvolution has been used ...

In recent years, the Brazilian presalt characterization has been a challenging task, either because of the imaging problems associated with complex salt layer geometry (Penna et al., 2019) or due to large heterogeneity in the presalt carbonates reservoir (Oliveira et al., 2018). Some efforts ...

The merits of Total and Effective porosity approaches have always been a source of discussion within the Petrophysical community globally. In general, an operating company adopts a single approach (Total or Effective) in their modelling workflows and ignores the alternative method. This is normally ...

In 4D (time-lapse) imaging, the primary objective is to obtain a 4D image that is sufficiently free of noise associated with acquisition and processing in order to understand the changes at the reservoir interval. To obtain accurate 4D products, all seismic processing steps must ...